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|
Independent variables
| |
HI not provided in previous period
|
|---|
|
Co-residential caregiving
|
−0.0101
|
−0.0417
|
|
(0.122)
|
(0.129)
|
|
Co-residential caregiving (initial)
|
0.456***
|
0.573***
|
|
(0.104)
|
(0.121)
|
|
m(proxy of formal care use)
|
−62.58**
|
−68.33**
|
|
(26.23)
|
(29.21)
|
|
High-intensity caregiving (HI)
|
1.047*
|
1.232**
|
|
(0.537)
|
(0.570)
|
|
Generalized residual (GR)
|
−0.462
|
−0.363
|
|
(0.422)
|
(0.434)
|
|
HI × GR
|
0.0907
|
−0.281
|
|
(0.485)
|
(0.520)
|
|
Relative resources squared
|
0.00917
|
0.00598
|
|
(0.00878)
|
(0.00931)
|
|
Relative resources
|
0.0229
|
0.0374
|
|
(0.0327)
|
(0.0351)
|
|
Sex (male = 1)
|
−0.120
|
−0.104
|
|
(0.157)
|
(0.167)
|
|
Care recipients
|
|
Father
|
0.0599
|
0.0339
|
|
(0.135)
|
(0.144)
|
|
Mother
|
0.408***
|
0.469***
|
|
(0.111)
|
(0.122)
|
|
Father-in-law
|
−0.143
|
−0.117
|
|
(0.166)
|
(0.178)
|
|
Mother-in-law
|
0.284**
|
0.317**
|
|
(0.118)
|
(0.129)
|
|
Health status
|
|
Difficulty in daily life activities
|
−0.0223
|
−0.0518
|
|
(0.124)
|
(0.140)
|
|
Diabetes
|
0.0400
|
0.0541
|
|
(0.167)
|
(0.184)
|
|
Heart disease
|
−0.168
|
−0.0844
|
|
(0.225)
|
(0.242)
|
|
Cerebral stroke
|
−0.0348
|
0.0627
|
|
(0.327)
|
(0.340)
|
|
Hypertension
|
0.216
|
0.231
|
|
(0.152)
|
(0.164)
|
|
Hyperlipidemia
|
0.0545
|
−0.0108
|
|
(0.123)
|
(0.132)
|
|
Having friend
|
0.206*
|
0.274**
|
|
(0.124)
|
(0.134)
|
|
Constant
|
1.492
|
0.926
|
|
(1.330)
|
(1.445)
|
|
lnσu
2
|
−0.422
|
−0.376
|
|
σu
|
0.809***
|
0.828***
|
| |
(0.141)
|
(0.157)
|
|
Intra-class correlation (σu
2/(1 + σu
2))
|
0.396
|
0.407
|
|
Likelihood-ratio test of ρ = 0 [chi2(1)]
|
18.10
|
15.70
|
|
Prob ≥ chi2
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
|
Log-likelihood
|
−1005.92
|
−857.71
|
|
N
|
1743
|
1454
|
- Co-residential caregiving (initial) refers to high-intensity caregiving in 2005. Age, educational attainment, hospitalization, marital status, medication or doctor’s consultation, residence, and having cancer were included as covariates
- Standard errors in parentheses. *** p<0.01, ** p<0.05, * p<0.1
